A note on a recursion for the number of derangements (Q798657)
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English | A note on a recursion for the number of derangements |
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A note on a recursion for the number of derangements (English)
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1983
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Using ideas in the recent paper of \textit{A. M. Garsia} and \textit{J. Remmel} [ibid. 1, 47--59 (1980; Zbl 0462.05012)] the author gives a direct bijective proof of the recursion \(D_{n+1}=(n+1)D_ n+(-1)^ n,\) where \(D_ n\) denotes the number of derangements of \(\{1,...,n\}\). Let \({\mathcal D}_ n\) denote the set of derangements of \(\{1,...,n\}\) (so that \(D_ n=| {\mathcal D}_ n|)\). Then the author proves that \[ {\mathcal D}_{2n}-\{\tau_{2n}\}\approx \{1,...,2n\}\times {\mathcal D}_{2n- 1} \] and \[ {\mathcal D}_{2n+1}\approx\{1,...,2n\}\times {\mathcal D}_{2n}\cup ({\mathcal D}_{2n}-\{\tau_{2n}\}) \] where \(A\approx B\) means that there is a bijection between \(A\) and \(B\), and where \[ \tau_{2n}=(12)(34)...(2n-1\, 2n). \]
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permutations
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derangements
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bijective proof
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