On rational circulants satisfying \(A^ m=dI+\lambda J\) (Q800985)

Let I denote the identity matrix of order \(\nu\), and J the matrix of order \(\nu\) with every entry equal to 1. A circulant is a special matrix of order \(\nu\) in which each row (except the first) is obtained from the preceding row by shifting the elements cyclically one column to the right. In the paper under review the author proves the following main result. Theorem. Let d and \(\lambda\) be rational numbers. Then the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a rational circulant of order \(\nu >1\) satisfying the matrix equation \(A^ m=dI+\lambda J\) are (i) \(d+\lambda \nu\) is a rational m-th power, and (ii) d is a rational m-th power unless m is even and \(\nu\) is a power of an odd prime p, in which case, d can also be the product of a rational m-th power with the (m/2)- th power of \((-1)^{(p-1)/2}p\).