On the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture mod \(p\) (Q801126)

For an elliptic curve \(E\) over \(\mathbb Q\) admitting strong Weil parametrization the authors define a \(p\)-adic \(L\)-function \(L_p(E/\mathbb Q,s)\) and a \(p\)-adic analogue of the Néron-Tate height on the group \(E(\mathbb Q)\) of rational points of \(E\) over \(\mathbb Q\) and use these concepts to state a \(p\)-adic Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture mod \(p\), viz. \[ (1/p^r)[\lim_{s\to 1}(L_p(E/\mathbb Q,s)/(s-1)^r)]\equiv (1/p^r)(| \text{Ш}| H_p\prod_{v}m_v)/(| E(\mathbb Q)_{\text{tor}}|^2) \bmod p. \] Here the prime \(p\) is assumed to be \(\neq 2, 3\) and neither supersingular nor anomalous for \(E\), \(r= \text{rk}\, E(\mathbb Q)\) denotes the rank, \(H_p\) the \(p\)-adic regulator defined in terms of the \(p\)-adic Néron-Tate height, \(\text{Ш} = \text{Ш}(E/\mathbb Q)\) the Tate-Shafarevich group of \(E\) over \(\mathbb Q\) and \(E(\mathbb Q){\text{tor}}\) the torsion subgroup of \(E(\mathbb Q)\), whereas \(\prod_{v} m_v\) is the product of Tamagawa numbers taken over all primes \(v\) of bad reduction of \(E\) and infinity. Of course, the limit over \(s\) is to be understood in the \(p\)-adic sense. For \(r=0\), the conjecture is the same as the usual complex Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, and for \(r=1\) it can be given a simpler shape. In any case the above congruence relation includes the conjectured finiteness of the Tate-Shafarevich group \(\text{Ш}\). Using the tables in the book [``Modular functions of one variable. IV'', Proc. Int. Summer Sch., Univ. Antwerp, RUCA, 1972, Lect. Notes Math. 476 (1975; Zbl 0315.14013)] and their own earlier computations [Math. Notes 26, 960--964 (1980); translation from Mat. Zametki 26, 913--920 (1979; Zbl 0443.14013)] the authors verify this conjecture numerically for the Weil curves \(Y^2+Y=X^3-X\) and \(Y^2+Y=X^3+X^2\) of conductors 37 and 43, respectively. They also mention that the conjecture can be stated mod \(p^n\) but that they have not confirmed it for any \(n\) greater than 1. This interesting paper is closely related to important and much more general work of \textit{P. Schneider} [``\(p\)-adic height pairings. II'', Invent. Math. 79, 329--374 (1985; Zbl 0571.14021)] and \textit{B. Perrin-Riou} [``Descente infinie et hauteur \(p\)-adique sur les courbes elliptiques à multiplication complexe'', Invent. Math. 70, 369--398 (1983; Zbl 0547.14025)] on the \(p\)-adic Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture.