Any group is represented by an outerautomorphism group (Q803283)

The author uses topological and graph-theoretic methods to prove that for any group G there is a group \(\pi\) such that G is isomorphic to the outer automorphism group Out(\(\pi\)) of \(\pi\). Specifically, it is shown that G is isomorphic to the group \(Out(\pi)={\mathcal E}(K(\pi,1))\) of free homotopy classes of homotopy self-equivalences, with multiplication by the composition, of the Eilenberg-MacLane space K(\(\pi\),1).