On homology of the double covering over the exterior of a surface in 4- sphere (Q803574)

Let F be a closed connected surface embedded in a homology 4-sphere \(M^ 4\) with normal bundle N(F), and \(X=M^ 4-Int N(F)\). If F is non- orientable (resp. orientable), then \(H_ 1(x)\cong H^ 2(F)\cong {\mathbb{Z}}_ 2\) (resp. \({\mathbb{Z}})\). Let \(X_ 2\) be the double covering space over X associated with the kernel of \(\pi_ 1(X)\to {\mathbb{Z}}_ 2\) through the Hurewicz homomorphism \(\pi_ 1(X)\to H_ 1(X)\). In the paper, the author determines the finitely generated \(\Lambda_ 2\)- modules \(H_*(X_ 2)\) and \(H_*(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\). Here \(\Lambda_ 2\) is the integral group ring of \({\mathbb{Z}}_ 2\) which is generated by t, and t acts on these homology groups by the induced isomorphism of the covering transformation. Theorem 1. If F is non-orientable, then (1) \(H_ 1(X_ 2)\cong H_ 1(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong \oplus^{n}_{i=1}\Lambda_ 2/(t+1,c_ i)\), where \(c_ i\) are odd integers. (2) \(H_ 2(X_ 2)\cong H_ 2(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong \Lambda_ 2^{g-1}\oplus \Lambda_ 2/(t+1)\oplus H_ 1(X_ 2)\), where g is the genus of F. (3) \(H_ i(X_ 2)=0\), \(i\geq 3\), \(H_ i(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)=0\), \(i=0\), 3 or \(\geq 5\), and \(H_ 0(X_ 2)\cong H_ 4(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong \Lambda_ 2/(t-1).\) Theorem \(1'\). If F is orientable, \(then\) (1\({}') \) \(H_ 1(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong \oplus^{n}_{i=1}\Lambda_ 2/(t+1,c_ i)\) and \(H_ 1(X_ 2)\cong \Lambda_ 2/(t-1)\oplus H_ 1(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\), where \(c_ i\) are \(odd.\) (2\({}') \) \(H_ 2(X_ 2)\cong H_ 2(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong \Lambda_ 2^{2g}\oplus H_ 1(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\), where g is the genus of \(F.\) (3\({}') \) \(H_ i(X_ 2)=0\), \(i\geq 3\); \(H_ i(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)=0\), \(i=0\) or \(\geq 5\), and \(H_ 0(X_ 2)\cong H_ 2(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong H_ 4(X_ 2,\partial X_ 2)\cong \Lambda_ 2/(t-1).\) Theorem 2. For any odd integers \(c_ 1,...,c_ n\) and positive integer g, there is a closed conncted non-orientable (orientable) surface of genus g embedded in \(S^ 4\) such that \(H_ 1(X_ 2)\cong \oplus^{n}_{i=1}\Lambda_ 2/(t+1,c_ i)\) (resp. \(\oplus^{n}_{i=1}\Lambda_ 2/(t+1,c_ i)\oplus \Lambda_ 2/(t- 1))\).