The short time asymptotics of the traces of the heat kernels for the magnetic Schrödinger operators (Q805909)

The paper studies the difference between the Schrödinger operators \(H_ 0\) and H in \(L^ 2({\mathbb{R}}^ d)\), \(d\geq 2\), which are obtained as the closures of the symmetric operators \(-\Delta +V(x)\) and \((-i\nabla +A(x))^ 2+V(x),\) respectively. Here the scalar potential V(x) and the magnetic vector potential \(A(x)=(a_ 1(x),...,a_ d(x))\) are real valued. By assuming the growth rate condition: V(x)\(\geq const | x|^{2k}\), \(x\in {\mathbb{R}}^ d\setminus K\) for some compact K, \(| D^{\alpha}a_ j(x)| \leq const(1+| x|^ r),\) \(x\in {\mathbb{R}}^ d\), \(| \alpha | =1,2\), \(1\leq j\leq d\), \(r<2k\), the following asymptotic estimate for the trace of \(e^{-tH}-e^{-tH_ 0}\) is obtained via the probabilistic approach: \[ | Tr(e^{-tH}-e^{- tH_ 0})| \leq const t^{2-(d/2)(1+1/k)-r/k}\quad as\quad t\to 0. \] A corollary to this result asserts, via the Tauberian theorem, the relation \[ N(\lambda)=N_ 0(\lambda)(1+o(1))\quad as\quad \lambda \to \infty, \] where N(\(\lambda\)) and \(N_ 0(\lambda)\) indicate the numbers of eigenvalues less than \(\lambda\) of H and \(H_ 0\), respectively. Under additional assumptions on V(x) and A(x), the exact asymptotic behavior of \(Tr(e^{-tH}-e^{-tH_ 0})\) as \(t\to 0\) is obtained.