On the residual transcendental extensions of a valuation. Key polynomials and augmented valuation (Q810589)

Let \(K\) be a field and \(v\) a valuation on \(K\). The authors examine the problem of extending \(v\) to \(K(X)\) (the field of rational functions of one indeterminate). An extension \(w\) of \(v\) to \(K(X)\) is called residual transcendental if the residue field of \(w\) is a transcendental extension of the residue field of \(v\). The concepts of minimal pairs, key polynomials, and augmented valuations are of importance in the authors' examination. For example, it is shown that key polynomials can be used to yield minimal pairs.