Bounds for the relative Euler-Poincaré characteristic of certain hyperelliptic fibrations (Q811865)

Let \(f:S \to C\) be a fibration from a non singular projective complex surface of general type onto a non singular projective curve. Let \(g\) be the genus of a general fibre and \(g(C)\) be the genus of the curve \(C\). Assume that the fibration is relatively minimal, then, for the relative invariants of \(f\), one has \[ K_{f}^{2}:=(K_{S}-f^{*}K_{C})^{2}=K_{S}^{2}-8(g(C)-1)(g-1)) \] and \[ \chi_{f}:=\deg f_{*}K_{f}=\chi(\mathcal{O}_{S})-(g(C)-1)(g-1), \] where \(\chi_{f}\) is the relative Euler-Poincaré characteristic of \(f\). Assume that \(f\) is not locally trivial, then \(\chi_{f}\neq 0\), and it is possible to define the slope of \(f\) as \(\lambda(f)=K_{f}^{2}/\chi(f)\). The aim of the paper under review is to find the lower bound for the relative Euler-Poincaré characteristic of a relatively minimal hyperelliptic fibration (i.e. with almost all fibres hyperelliptic curves) with slope four. The main results that the author proves are the following: Let \(g\) be an integer greater than three. Set \(\chi(g)=g/2-1\) for \(g\) even, and \(\chi(g)=g-3\) for \(g\) odd, then any relatively minimal hyperelliptic fibration \(f:S \to C\) of genus \(g\) with \(\lambda(f)=4\) satisfies \(\chi(f) \geq \chi(g)\). Moreover, there exists a relatively minimal hyperelliptic fibration \(f\) of genus \(g\) with \(\lambda(f)=4\) and \(\chi(f)=\chi(g)\), and for any \(n \in \mathbb{N}\), there exists a relatively minimal hyperelliptic fibration \(f\) of genus \(g=3\) with \(\lambda(f)=4\) satisfying \(\chi(f)=n\). Finally, it is shown that for a minimal surface of general type \(S\) with \(q(S)=1\) and \(K_{S}^{2}=4p_{g}(S)\) whose Albanese map induces the hyperelliptic fibration of genus \(g\), one has \(2 \leq g \leq 2p_{g}+2\). If \(g\) is odd, one has \(3 \leq g \leq 2p_{g}+3\). When \(p_{g} \leq 2\), the author proves that exist such surfaces in every case.