Rotation-invariant t-norm solutions of a system of functional equations (Q812626)

For t-norm based fuzzy logics one usually looses the possibility to find suitable normal forms for their formulas which correspond to the standard pairs of conjunctive and disjunctive normal forms of classical logic. But one is able to write down, at least for continuous t-norms, the formulas of such a logic in the basic vocabulary of the strong, i.e. t-norm-based, conjunction, a corresponding negation and a suitable disjunction, to look at such a formula as if it would be a Boolean formula, to form the corresponding pair of normal forms, and to translate formally these pairs of formulas into formulas of fuzzy logics, simply by reading the triplet \((\wedge,\vee,\neg)\) of connectives as meaning a t-norm \(T\), a t-conorm \(S\), and an involutive negation operation \(N\). The authors additionally assume that \(T\) is left continuous, and that \((T,S,N)\) is a de Morgan triplet, i.e., that \(S\) is determined from \(T,N\) via a de Morgan law. The problem that the formal translations of any pair of classical normal forms leads to truth-degree functions for both its members whose difference depends only upon the valuation, not upon the specific pair, can be reformulated as a system of functional equations for the triplet \((T,S,N)\). The authors discuss this system of equations, and they e.g. prove that -- under mild technical restrictions -- its solutions have to satisfy \(N(x)=1-x\) and that \(T\) is a t-norm which results by the rotation construction from a t-norm whose ordinal sum representation has exactly one summand which is a Łukasiewicz one over an interval \([a,1]\).