Metric Diophantine approximation and `absolutely friendly' measures (Q813312)

Let \(\psi\) be a real, positive decreasing function from \(\mathbb R^+\) into itself. The set \(W(\psi)\) of all points in \(\mathbb R^d\) that are \(\psi\)-well approximable is defined by: \[ W(\psi) = \{ {\mathbf x} \in \mathbb R^d : \max_{1 \leq i \leq d} | x_i - p_i/q | \leq \psi(q) \text{ for infinitely many } ({\mathbf p},q) \in \mathbb Z^d\times \mathbb N \}. \] Let \(K\) denotes a compact subset of \(\mathbb R^d\) which supports a non-atomic, finite measure \(\mu\) and let \[ W_K(\psi)= K \cap W(\psi). \] The main result proved by the authors is that \[ \mu(W_K(\psi))= 0 \;\;\; \text{ if } \;\;\; \sum_{r\geq 1} r^{\alpha(d+1)/d-1} \psi(r)^{\alpha} < +\infty, \] assuming that \(\mu\) is an absolutely \(\alpha\)-friendly measure. This corresponds, in this context, to the convergence part of Khintchine's theorem in the theory of metric Diophantine approximation. This result applies for instance to regular Cantor sets, the Sierpiński gasket and the von Koch curve, endowed respectively with their natural measure. Some refinements in terms of Hausdorff dimension are also obtained.