New characterizations and generalizations of PP rings. (Q817064)

The authors study `PP-rings', i.e. those rings for which every principal right ideal is projective, and a generalization which leads to a unified treatment for right PP-rings, right PS-rings and right non-singular rings. In Theorem 2.2 new characterizations for PP-rings are presented. We mention here one, which is very interesting: A ring \(R\) is right PP if and only if every right \(R\)-module has a monic \(\mathcal{PI}\)-cover, where \(\mathcal{PI}\) is the class of all \(P\)-injective modules. In the last section of the paper the authors consider `\(X\)-PP-rings': we say that a ring \(R\) is \(X\)-PP, where \(X\) is a subset of \(R\), if \(aR\) is projective for all \(a\in X\). It is proved that a ring is right non-singular if and only if it is \(Z_r\)-PP, where \(Z_r\) is the right singular ideal (Proposition 3.2), and every \(J\)-PP ring, where \(J\) is the Jacobson radical, is right PS (Proposition 3.3). Moreover, it is proved that the converse of Proposition 3.3 is not true. The main results of this section are Theorem 3.7 and Theorem 3.8 which give new characterizations for regular rings, respectively for semisimple Artinian rings. We mention here only two characterizations: A ring \(R\) is regular if and only if every right \(R\)-module has a \(\mathcal{PI}\)-envelope with the unique mapping property; A ring \(R\) is semisimple Artinian if and only if every right \(R\)-module has an injective envelope with the unique mapping property.