Polynomial topologies on Banach spaces (Q818410)

Let \(X\) be a real Banach space and \(n\) be a positive integer. A continuous mapping \(P: X\to {\mathbb K}\) is said to be an \(n\)-homogeneous polynomial if there is a continuous symmetric \(n\)-linear mapping \(A: X\times\dots \times X\to {\mathbb K}\) so that \(P(x)=A(x,\dots,x)\) for all \(x\in X\). A polynomial on \(X\) is a finite sum of homogeneous polynomials. This paper is concerned with the study of topologies on \(X\) which are defined using homogeneous polynomials. The weak polynomial topology, \(w_P\), is the weakest topology on \(X\) such that all polynomials are continuous. In general, this is not a locally convex topology. Given a homogeneous polynomial \(P\) on \(X\), the authors define a mapping \(\widetilde d_P: X\times X\to {\mathbb R}\) by \[ \widetilde d_P(x,y)=\inf\left\{| P(x-z_1)| ^{1\over n}+| P(z_1-z_2)| ^{1\over n}+\ldots +| P(z_k-y)| ^{1\over n}\right\}, \] where the infimum is taken over all chains of points in \(X\) connecting \(x\) to \(y\). For each homogeneous polynomial \(P\), \(d_P(x)=\widetilde d_P(x,0)\) defines a seminorm on \(X\). The topology generated by the seminorms \(d_P\) where \(P\) ranges over all homogeneous polynomials on \(X\) is denoted by \(\tau_P\) and is the finest locally convex topology on \(X\) which is weaker than \(w_P\). The authors examine the properties of \(\tau_P\) showing that on any infinite-dimensional Banach space \(X\), \(\sigma(X,X')<\tau_P\leq w_P\leq \| \cdot\| \). Here \(w\) denotes the weak topology on \(X\). They investigate convergence of sequences for the weak, \(\tau_P\), \(w_P\) and norm topologies on a Banach space, showing that \(\sigma(X,X')\), \(\tau_P\) and \(w_P\) have the same convergent sequences when every polynomial on \(X\) is weakly sequentially continuous and that \(\tau_P\), \(w_P\) and \(\| \cdot\| \) have the same convergent sequences when \(X\) has nontrivial type. The concepts of \(\tau_p\)-uniform continuity and \(P\)-continuity are also discussed.