Pointwise estimates for a class of oscillatory integrals and related \(L^p\)--\(L^q\) estimates (Q818505)

The oscillatory integral \[ G(x,t)= \frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^\infty e^{i(tP(\xi) +x\xi)}\, d\xi, \] in which \(P\) is a real polynomial of one real variable, defines a fundamental solution of the linear partial differential equation \[ \partial_t u - i P(-i\partial_x)u = 0,\quad (x,t)\in \mathbb{R}\times\mathbb{R}.\leqno{(\ast)} \] Denote by \(\mathcal{S}^\mu(\mathbb{R})\) those symbols \(Q\) satisfying \[ \left| \frac{d^k Q(\xi)}{d\xi^k}\right| \leq C_k (1+| \xi| )^{\mu-k},\, k=0,1,2,\dots \] and by \(\Psi \mathcal{S}^\mu\) those pseudodifferential operators \(Q(-i\partial_x)\) having symbols \(Q\in\mathcal{S}^\mu\). It is proved that if \(P(0)=0\) and if \(Q\in \mathcal{S}^\mu\) then for each \(T>0\) there is a constant \(C(T)\) such that \[ | Q(-i| t| ^{\frac{1}{m}}\partial_x) G(x,t)| \leq C | t| ^{-\frac{1}{m}} (1+| t| ^{-\frac{1}{m}}| x| )^{-\frac{m-2(\mu+1)}{2(m-1)}} \] for any \(x\in \mathbb{R}\) and \(0< t\leq T\). If \(P\) has odd degree, the same estimate holds for \(x<0\) but one has decay faster than any power of \(x\) for \(x>0\). These estimates are used in turn to prove \(L^p\)-\(L^q\) estimates for solutions \(u\) of (\(\ast\)) of the form \[ \| \partial_x^k u(\cdot, t)\| _q \leq C(T) | t| ^{-\frac{1}{m}(\frac{1}{p}-\frac{1}{q}+k)}\| u_0\| _p\quad (0<| t| <T) \] for appropriate ranges of \(p,q\), along with corresponding weak-type and \(H^1\)-BMO estimates. Such estimates follow from Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequalities.