Sharp well-posedness and ill-posedness results for a quadratic nonlinear Schrödinger equation (Q820077)

We establish that the quadratic nonlinear Schrödinger equation \[ iu_t+u_{xx}=u^2, \] where \(u:\mathbb R\times \mathbb R\to\mathbb C\) is locally well-posed in \(H^S(\mathbb R)\) when \(s \geq -1\) and ill-posed when \(s<-1\). Previous work in [\textit{C. Kenig, G. Ponce}, and \textit{L. Vega} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 346, 3323--3353 (1996; Zbl 0862.35111)] had established local well-posedness for \(s>-\frac 34\). The local well-posedness is achieved by an iteration using a modification of the standard \(X^{s,b}\) spaces. The ill-posedness uses an abstract and general argument relying on the high-to-low frequency cascade present in the nonlinearity, and a computation of the first nonlinear iterate.