A new proof of the Jacquet-Rallis fundamental lemma (Q821497)

The paper under review gives a new proof of the Jacquet-Rallis fundamental lemma. More precisely, let \(E/F\) be an unramified quadratic extension of local non-Archimedean fields of characteristic \(0\). Let \({\mathcal O}_F\) (resp. \({\mathcal O}_E\)) be the ring of integers of \(F\) (resp. \(E\)), and denote \({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_{n,E}\) (resp. \(GL_{n-1,E}\)) the Weil restriction of scalars from \(E\) to \(F\) of \({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_{n,E}\) (resp. \(GL_{n-1,E}\)). If \(\sigma\) is the non-trivial \(F\)-automorphism of \(E\), define: \begin{align*} {\mathfrak h}_n&:=\{X\in{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_{n,E}\mid X={}^tX^\sigma\},\\ U_{n-1}&:=\{g\in GL_{n-1,E}\mid{}^tg^\sigma g=I_{n-1}\},\\ {\mathfrak h}_n({\mathcal O}_F)&:={\mathfrak h}_n(F)\cap{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n({\mathcal O}_E)\\ U_{n-1}({\mathcal O}_F)&:=U_{n-1}(F)\cap GL_{n-1}({\mathcal O}_E). \end{align*} Let \({\mathfrak h}_n^{rs}\subset{\mathfrak h}_n\) and \({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n^{rs}\subset{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n\) the open subschemes of relatively regular semisimple elements. For \(X\in{\mathfrak h}_n^{rs}(F)\), \(Y\in{\mathfrak g}_n^{rs}(F)\), \(f\in C^\infty_c({\mathfrak h}_n(F))\), \(f^\prime\in C^\infty_c({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n(F))\), consider the Jacquet-Rallis orbital integrals \begin{align*} O(X,f)&=\int_{U_{n-1}(F)}f(gXg^{-1})dg\\ O(Y,f^\prime)&=\int_{GL_{n-1}(F)}f^\prime(gYg^{-1})\omega(gYg^{-1})dg \end{align*} Denote by \(\mathbf{1}_{{\mathfrak h}_n({\mathcal O}_F)}\) and \(\mathbf{1}_{{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n({\mathcal O}_F)}\) the characteristic functions of \({\mathfrak h}_n({\mathcal O}_F)\) and \({\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n({\mathcal O}_F)\) respectively. The main results in the paper under review can now be stated as follows (Theorem 1): \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] For every \((X,Y)\in{\mathfrak h}_n^{rs}(F)\times{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n^{rs}(F)\) of matching elements, one has \[O(X,\mathbf{1}_{{\mathfrak h}_n({\mathcal O}_F)})=O(Y,\mathbf{1}_{{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n({\mathcal O}_F)}).\] \item[(ii)] For every \(Y\in{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n^{rs}(F)\) not matching any element of \({\mathfrak h}^{rs}_n(F)\), one has \[O(Y,\mathbf{1}_{{\mathfrak g}{\mathfrak l}_n({\mathcal O}_F)})=0.\] \end{itemize}