Moduli of local shtukas and Harris's conjecture (Q824984)

The paper under review deals with the cohomology of moduli space of mixed-characteristic local shtukas for \(\mathrm{GL}_n\). \textit{M. Rapoport} and \textit{Th. Zink} [Period spaces for \(p\)-divisible groups. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press (1996; Zbl 0873.14039)] defined and studied the Rapopport-Zink spaces. These are local analogues of the Shimura varieties, and exist as rigid analytic varieties. As in the case of Shimura varieties, these spaces are expected to realize the local Langlands correspondance for reductive groups over local field. In his 2014 course at Berkeley, Scholze vastly generalized these spaces by constructing moduli spaces of mixed-characteristic local shtukas. Let us fix a \(p\)-adic local field \(E\) with \([E: \mathbb{Q}_p]<\infty\). Let \(G\) be a split reductive group over \(E\) with fixed Borel \(\mathbf{B}\) over \(E\). Let \(\breve{E}\) be the completion of the maximal unramified extension of \(E\) and \(\mathbf{T}\subseteq \mathbf{B}\) be the maximal torus. We further fix a lift \(\sigma\in \text{Aut}(\breve{E}/E)\) of the \(q\)-Frobenius. The moduli space \(\text{Sht}_{G, \mu, b}\) depends on the group theoretic datum \((G, \mu, b)\), where \(\mu\in X_{\star}(\mathbf{T})_{\text{dom}}\) and \(b\in G(\breve{E})\) such that the \(\sigma\)-conjugacy class \([b]\in B(G)\) lies in the Kottwitz set \(B(G, \mu^{-1})\). This is a moduli space of local shtukas with one leg and infinite level structure. In general, the space \(\text{Sht}_{G, \mu, b}\) is not a rigid analytic variety and only a locally spatial diamond as defined in the Berkeley lectures on p-adic geometry. Note that a mixed-characteristic local shtukas can be interpreted as a \(G\)-bundle on the Fontaine-Fargues curve, which mimics the notion of a shtukas over function field by Drinfeld. The basic properties of \(\text{Sht}_{G, \mu, b}\) are summarized in Theorem 1.2 and proved in the case of \(G=\text{GL}_n\) in Section 2C. Let \(C=\widehat{\bar{E}}\) and \(\text{ind}_{P}^G\) be the unnormalized parabolic induction. Following \textit{E. Mantovan} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 41, No. 5, 671--716 (2008; Zbl 1236.11101)], the author considers the so called Hodge-Newton parabolic \(\mathbf{P}=\mathbf{M}\mathbf{U}\) associated to the datum \((G, \mu, b)\) such that \(\mathbf{M}\subsetneq G\). In this case, the datum \((G, \mu, b)\) is called Hodge-Newton reducible (Definition 1.3). The main result (Theorem 1.8) of the paper states that we have canonical \(G\)-equivariant isomorphisms \[ H_c^i(\text{Sht}_{G, \mu, b}\times_{\text{Spd} \breve{E}}\text{Spd} C, \mathbb{Z}/\ell^n)\simeq \text{ind}_{\mathbf{P}}^G(H_c^{i-2d}(\text{Sht}_{\mathbf{M}, \mu, b}\times_{\text{Spd} \breve{E}}\text{Spd} C, \mathbb{Z}/\ell^n)(-d)) \] for all \(i\geq 0\) compatible with all additional structures, where \[ d=\text{dim} \text{Sht}_{G, \mu, b}-\text{dim} \text{Sht}_{\mathbf{M}, \mu, b}. \] In particular, these isomorphisms are compatible with the natural \(W_E\)-actions on both sides. This settles a conjecture of Harris (in the Hodge-Newton reducible case) saying that when \(b\) is not basic, no supercuspidal representation of \(G\) contributes to the Euler characteristic of \(H_c^i(\text{Sht}_{G, \mu, b}, \overline{\mathbb{\mathbb{Q}}}_\ell)\). Finally, the case of general group \(G\) is also settled in a preprint by \textit{I. Gaisin} and \textit{N. Imai} [``Non-semi-stable loci in Hecke stacks and Fargues' conjecture'', Preprint, \url{arXiv:1608.07446}].