Half-space theorems for the Allen-Cahn equation and related problems (Q827416)

The paper under review deals with classical entire solutions of the Allen-Cahn equation \[ -\Delta u=u-u^3 \quad \text{in}\ \mathbb{R}^n. \] The authors obtain rigidity results when the zero level set \[ \big\{x\in\mathbb{R}^n\colon\quad u(x)=0\big\} \] of the solution is contained in a half-space \(\{x\in\mathbb{R}^n\colon x_n>0\}\) up to translation and rotation. Precisely, it is proved that if \(n\leq 3\) then the solution \(u\) is one-dimentional, that is, there exists \(a\in\mathbb{R}\) such that either \(u(x)=H(-x_n+a)\) for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}^n,\) or \(u(x)=H(x_n+a)\) for all \(x\in\mathbb{R}^n.\) In case of dimensions \(n\geq 4,\) it is shown that either the solution is one-dimensional or stays below a one-dimensional solution and converges to it after suitable translations.