The Poincaré line bundle and autoduality of Hitchin fibers (Q832416)

Let \(G\) be a reductive group with the Langlands dual \(\check{G}\), and \(X\) a smooth projective curve with a cameral cover \(\widetilde{X}\). Denote \(\mathcal{H}iggs_\Gamma(\widetilde{X})\) the stack of \(\Gamma\)-Higgs bundles with values in a line bundle. The classical limit of the geometric Langlands conjecture predicts an equivalence of categories of quasi-coherent sheaves over the Hitchin base \(H\): \[ QCoh\left(\mathcal{H}iggs_G(\widetilde{X})\right)\simeq QCoh\left(\mathcal{H}iggs_{\check{G}}(\widetilde{X})\right). \] This has been proved over the locus of \(H\) where \(\widetilde{X}\) is smooth, and in general for \(G=GL_n\) and integral covers by \textit{D. Arinkin} [Math. Res. Lett. 18, No. 6, 1215--1226 (2011; Zbl 1277.14014)]w. In this paper a partial result is proved for Hitchin fibers corresponding to singular \(\widetilde{X}\). Specifically, let \(\mathcal{H}iggs_\Gamma(\widetilde{X})^{reg}\) denote the open substack of Higgs bundles with everywhere regular Higgs field. The author constructs a line bundle on \(\mathcal{H}iggs_G(\widetilde{X})^{reg}\times\mathcal{H}iggs_{\check{G}}(\widetilde{X})^{reg}\), called the Poincare line bundle, and proves that it induces a fully faithful functor (Fourier-Moukai transform) between \(QCoh\left(\mathcal{H}iggs_G(\widetilde{X})^{reg}\right)\) and \(QCoh\left(\mathcal{H}iggs_{\check{G}}(\widetilde{X})^{reg}\right)\). The Poincare line bundle is constructed using the Abel-Jacobi and norm maps for the stack of torsors of \(J_{G,\widetilde{X}}\) (the regular centralizer groups' scheme of \(G\) over \(X\)), which is identifiable with \(\mathcal{H}iggs_{G}(\widetilde{X})^{reg}\) by a Kostant section. The proof strategy is similar to Arinkin's. The author derives a codimension estimate for the support of the pushforward of the Poincare line bundle, and then analyzes the structure of \(\mathcal{H}iggs_{G}(\widetilde{X})\) when \(\widetilde{X}\) has nodal singularities. This is first done for semisimple \(G\), and then extended to the general reductive case.