Three-dimensional gravity-capillary waves on water -- small surface tension case (Q842988)

In this paper, three-dimensional gravity-capillary waves on water of finite-depth, which are uniformly translating in a horizontal propagating direction and periodic in a transverse direction, are considered. The exact Euler equations are formulated as a spatial dynamic system in which the variable used for the propagating direction is a time-like variable. The existence of the solutions of the system is determined by two non-dimensional constants, the Bond number \(b\) and the Froude number \(F\), which in turn give the number of eigenvalues on the imaginary axis of the complex plane for the corresponding linearized operator around a uniform flow. Assume that \(\lambda\) = \(F^{-2}\), \(C_1\) is the curve in the (\(b\), \(\lambda\))-plane on which the first two eigenvalues for three-dimensional waves collide at the imaginary axis, and the intersection point of \(C_1\) with \((\lambda= 1)\) is \(b_1>0\). In this paper, the case for \(0 < b < b_1\) and (\(b\), \(\lambda\)) near \(C_1\) is analysed. A center-manifold reduction technique and a normal form analysis are applied to show that the dynamical system can be reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations. Using the existence of a homoclinic orbit connecting to a two-dimensional periodic (called generalized solitary-wave, thereafter) solution for the reduced system, it is shown that such a generalized solitary-wave solution persists for the original system by applying a perturbation method and adjusting some appropriate constants.