Classification of the simplest diffeomorphisms of the sphere \(S^{2}\) with one stability modulus (Q843587)

At present, there is considerable progress in classifying Morse-Smale surface diffeomorphisms up to topological conjugacy. In particular, it is known that in the class of Morse-Smale diffeomorphisms with finitely many heteroclinic orbits, the complete topological invariant is a graph similar to the Peixoto graph for flows equipped with heteroclinic substitutions that support information on the geometry of intersections of stable and unstable periodic points. The violation of the transversality condition for heteroclinic intersections of saddle hyperbolic periodic points leads to the appearance of continuous topological conjugacy invariants, the so-called moduli, i.e., to the existence of a continuum of nonconjugated diffeomorphisms with isomorphic graphs and the same geometry of heteroclinic intersection and tangency. The paper considers the class \(\Phi\) of orientation-preserving diffeomorphisms \(f\in\text{Diff}^r(S^2)\), \(r\geq 5\), of the two-sphere \(S^2\), satisfying the following conditions: (1) the nonwandering set \(\Omega (f)\) consists of six fixed hyperbolic points: three sinks \(\omega_1\), \(\omega_2\), and \(\omega_3\), one source \(\alpha\), and two saddles \(\sigma_1\) and \(\sigma_2\); (2) the set \(W^s(\sigma_1)\cap W^u(\sigma_2)\) is nonempty and consists of finitely many orbits, among which there exists one orbit of finite-order one-sided tangency and there are no other orbits of nontransversal intersection. To each \(f\in\Phi\), a framed scheme \(S(f)\) of a diffeomorphism is associated. The following theorem is the main result of the paper. Theorem. Diffeomorphisms \(f,f'\in\Phi\) are topologically conjugated if and only if their schemes are equivalent.