On proper polynomial maps of \(\mathbb C^{2}\) (Q848492)

Two proper polynomial maps \(f_1,f_2:\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) are called \textit{equivalent} if there are automorphisms \(\Phi_1,\Phi_2\) of \(\mathbb C^2\) such that \(f_2=\Phi_2\circ f_1\circ\Phi_1\). It is shown in [\textit{S. Lamy}, Publ. Mat., Barc. 49, No. 1, 3--20 (2005; Zbl 1094.14052)] that if the proper polynomial map \(f:\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) has topological degree 2, then it is equivalent to the map \(\tilde f(x,y)=(x,y^2)\). Thus natural questions arise: (1) Is every proper polynomial mapping \(f:\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) equivalent to some map of type \((x,y)\mapsto(x,P(y))\) or, at least, \((x,y)\mapsto(x,Q(x,y))\), where \(P,Q\) are polynomials? (2) How many equivalence classes of proper polynomial maps \(\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) of fixed topological degree \(d\geq3\) are there? The authors answer that questions and try to generalize the above result for arbitrary topological degree \(d\geq3\). Namely, they show that: (1) For every \(d\geq3\) there exists at least one proper polynomial map \(f:\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) of topological degree \(d\) such that \(f\) is not equivalent to a map of type \((x,y)\mapsto(x,Q(x,y))\). (2) For any \(d,n\in\mathbb N\), \(d\geq3\), \(n\geq2\), consider the polynomial map \(f_{d,n}:\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) given by \[ f_{d,n}(x,y):=(x,y^d-dx^ny). \] Then \(f_{d,n}\) and \(f_{d,m}\) are equivalent if and only if \(m=n\). In particular, there are infinitely many classes of equivalence of proper polynomial maps \(f:\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) of fixed topological degree \(d\geq3\). Although a satisfactory description of all equivalence classes in the case of \(d\geq3\) is at the moment out of reach, the authors classify those proper polynomial maps enjoying some additional properties. Namely, they give full classification of the proper polynomial maps \(\mathbb C^2\rightarrow\mathbb C^2\) which are Galois coverings with finite Galois group.