On odd order nilpotent groups with class 2. (Q849209)

Let \(G\) be a finite class 2 \(p\)-group of order \(r\) with \(p\) odd. The author investigates the problem of enumeration of nonisomorphic groups of order \(r\) from a new interesting viewpoint by defining the following concepts. The order structure of the group is the nondecreasing sequence of orders of elements. The operation \(\circ^n\), \(x\circ^ny=y^{-n}xy^{n+1}\) is a new group operation and \(S_n(G)=(G,\circ^n)\) is of class at most 2. Recursively let \(S_n^0(G)=G\), \(S_n^{i+1}(G)=S_n(S_n^i(G))\). Among all groups \(G\) of order \(r\), being of the same order structure is an equivalence, and each term of the string \(S_n^i(G)\) is of the same order structure. The main result is that terms of the string of the group \(G\) are pairwise nonisomorphic, and the string terminates in an Abelian group, which is the same for all isomorphic groups. Corollaries are: only isomorphic finite Abelian groups are of the same order structure; given a class 2 group of odd order there are at least as many nonisomorphic class 2 groups of odd order as the number of positive divisors of the exponent of the commutator subgroup of that group minus 1, each of the same order structure.