Modules over the small quantum group and semi-infinite flag manifold (Q849845)

Let \(G\) be a reductive group (with connected center), let \(\check{G}\) be its Langlands dual (whose derived group is simply connected by assumption) and let \(X\) be a smooth complete curve. Let \(T\) be a Cartan subgroup of \(G\) and let \(N\) and \(N^-\) be `opposite' maximal unipotent subgroups fitting with \(T\). The main result of this paper is an equivalence between two abelian categories arising from some sort of representation theory, an equivalence that might be interpreted as a (first step towards a) local geometric Langlands correspondence. In principle, the aim of the paper is to relate the category of Hecke eigensheaves on the affine Grassmannian \(G((t))/G[[t]]\) with the category of perverse sheaves on the semi-infinite flag manifold \(G((t))/N((t)) T[[t]]\). More precisely, the authors work with a graded version \(\overset{\mathtt Hecke}(\mathrm{Gr}_G, \check{G})\) of the category of Hecke eigensheaves. Now, strictly speaking the second category does not make sense at the present time since the semi-infinite flag manifold does not carry an algebro-geometric structure allowing a theory of perverse sheaves on it. The authors circumvent this problem by defining an \textit{ad-hoc} category \({ Perv}(\mathcal Fl^{\frac{\infty}2})\); this approach was initiated in [\textit{M. Finkelberg, I. Mirkovic}, Differential topology, infinite-dimensional Lie algebras, and applications. D. B. Fuchs 60th anniversary collection. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society. Transl., Ser. 2, Am. Math. Soc. 194(44), 81--112 (1999; Zbl 1076.14512)]. The definition uses a geometric object introduced by Drinfeld and denoted \(\overline{\mathrm{Bun}}_{N^-}\). This object \(\overline{\mathrm{Bun}}_{N^-}\) classifies principal \(G\)-bundles on \(X\) endowed with a possibly degenerate reduction to the maximal unipotent subgroup \(N^-\); see [\textit{A. Braverman, M. Sanz-Solé}, (ed.) et al., Proceedings of the international congress of mathematicians (ICM), Madrid, Spain, August 22--30, 2006. Volume II: Invited lectures. Zürich: European Mathematical Society (EMS), 1145--1170 (2006; Zbl 1118.22007)] for more details and references. There is a natural functor from \(\overset {\mathtt H}{\mathtt ecke}(\mathrm{Gr}_G, \check{G})\) to \({ Perv}(\mathcal Fl^{\frac{\infty}2})\) but to get an equivalence the authors do need to make some restrictions that spell out some Noetherian and boundary conditions. The main result establishes an equivalence of categories between the category \(\overset{\mathtt Hecke}(\mathrm{Gr}_G, \check{G})^{I^0}_{\mathrm{Art}}\) of Artinian and Iwahori-monodromic objects in \(\overset {\mathtt Hecke}(\mathrm{Gr}_G, \check{G})\) and the subcategory of Artinian objects in \({\mathtt Perv}(\mathcal Fl^{\frac{\infty}2})^{I^0}\). A crucial ingredient of the paper is the equivalence between \(\overset{\mathtt Hecke}(\mathrm{Gr}_G, \check{G})^{I^0}_{\mathrm{Art}}\) and the regular block of the category of representations of the small quantum group corresponding to \(G\) at an even root of one. This fact follows from combining [\textit{S. Arkhipov, R. Bezrukavnikov, V. Ginzburg}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 17, No. 3, 595--678 (2004; Zbl 1061.17013)] and [\textit{S. Arkhipov, D. Gaitsgory}, Adv. Math. 173, No. 1, 114--143 (2003; Zbl 1025.17004)] but purely geometric proofs of the facts needed in the proof of the main result are provided in the present paper.