Conjugacy of Cartan subalgebras of complex finite-dimensional Leibniz algebras (Q855750)

The paper under review studies the notion of a Cartan subalgebra for the case of Leibniz algebras, and relates this to established notions in the theory of Lie algebras. Recall [\textit{J.-L. Loday} and \textit{T. Pirashvili}, Math. Ann. 296, No. 1, 139--158 (1993; Zbl 0821.17022)] that a Leibniz algebra \(L\) over a ring \(k\) is a \(k\)-module together with a bilinear bracket \([\;, \;]: L \times L \to L\) satisfying the ``Leibniz rule'': \[ [[x, y],z] = [[x, z],y]+ [x,[y,z]] \] for all \(x\), \(y\), \(z \in L\). Using the definition proposed in [\textit{S. A. Albeverio, S. A., Ayupov} and \textit{B. A. Omirov}, Rev. Mat. Complut., 19, No. 1, 183--195 (2006; Zbl 1128.17001)], the author defines a Cartan subalgebra \(J\) of a Leibniz algebra \(L\) to be a subalgebra that is (i) nilpotnet and (ii) coincides with its left normalizer in \(L\). Since the bracket \([ \;, \;]\) is not necessarily skew-commutative, left and right normalizers are not, in general, identical. Restricting attention to finite-dimensional Leibniz algebras over \(\mathbb C\), the paper defines an element \(a \in L\) to be regular if the linear map \({\text{ad}}_a : L \to L\), \({\text{ad}}_a (x) = [x,a]\), has minimal kernel. Let \(I\) be the ideal of \(L\) generated by \(\{ [x,x]\mid x \in L \}\). Then \(L/I\) is a Lie algebra, and the projection \(\varphi : L \to L/I\) maps regular elements of \(L\) to regular elements of \(L/I\). Proven is that if \(J\) is a Cartan subalgebra of \(L\), then \(\varphi(J)\) is a Cartan subalgebra of \(L/I\) (in the Lie theory). Any two Cartan subalgebras of \(L\) are proven to be conjugate by an invariant automorphism of \(L\). As a result, all Cartan subalgebras of \(L\) have the same dimension, namely the rank of a regular element.