Classification of blow-up with nonlinear diffusion and localized reaction (Q859505)

The authors study and classify blow-up behaviour of nonnegative solutions of the nonlinear diffusion equation \[ u_t = (u^m)_{xx} + a(x)u^p, \quad \text{in } (x,t)\in \mathbb R\times (0,T) \] with the initial data \[ u(x,0) = u_0(x) \quad \text{in } \mathbb R, \] where \(m > 1\) and \(p >0\), and the coefficient \(a(x)\) is assumed to be compactly supported function. The authors proves that the critical exponent for global existence of the above-mentioned problem is \(p_0 = (m + 1)/2\), while the Fujita exponet is \(p_c = m + 1\). It means that if \(0 < p \leq p_0\) every solution is global in time, if \(p_0 < p \leq p_c\) all solutions blow up and if \(p > p_c\) both global in time solutions and blowing up solutions exists. The blow-up rates, the blow-up sets and the blow-up profiles are found. Moreover, the authors show that reaction happens as in the case of reaction extended to the whole line if \(p > m\), while it concentrates to a point in the form of a nonlinear flux if \(p < m\). If \(p = m\) the asymptotic behaviour is given by a self-similar solution of this problem.