On the distribution of the spectrum of the sum of two Hermitian or real symmetric matrices (Q863314)

Consider hermitian or real symmetric matrices \(A\) and \(B\) and unitary resp. real symmetric matrices \(U_1,U_2\). The authors investigate the spectrum of \(C:=U_1AU_1^\ast+U_2BU_2^\ast\) with respect to the spectra of \(A\) and \(B\). They give expressions to the probability distribution of the spectrum of \(C\) with respect to the Haar measure. In the unitary case, this is done using representation theory of \(U_n\). In the symmetric case, it is done by explicit calculations which only works if \(B\) has rank 1. Schur-Weyl duality and the technique of Bernstein polynomials approximations are used to determine the distribution. By translation of the lattice permutation and semistandard Young tableaux rules to a set of linear inequalities, the density function of the mentioned distribution can be expressed by multiplication of volumes of two concrete polytopes.