An inequality of Hadamard type for permanents (Q864412)

Let \(F\) be an \(n\times n\) complex matrix and define \(B=\prod_j(\sum_i| F_{ij}| ^2)^{1/2}\). Hadamard famously showed that \(| \det F| \leq B\). The authors give two proofs that \(| \)per~\(F| \leq n!n^{-n/2}B\) and determine when equality holds. The first proof uses a monotone heat kernel interpolation similar to that used earlier by the same authors [J. Geom. Anal. 14, 487--520 (2004; Zbl 1056.43002)]. The second proof uses more elementary techniques and allows a generalisation to non-square matrices. Finally, the authors consider bounds obtained by using the \(\ell_p\) norm (for \(1\leq p\leq 2\)) rather than the \(\ell_2\) norm used to calculate \(B\) above.