On real quadratic function fields (Q868895)

Let \(q\) be a power of an odd prime number \(p\), \(A= {\mathbb F}_ q[T]\) be the ring of polynomials over the finite field of \(q\) elements \({\mathbb F}_ q\) and \(K={\mathbb F}_ q(T)\) be the rational congruence function field. For an irreducible polynomial \(P\), let \(K^ +_ P\) denote the maximal real subfield of the \(P\)th cyclotomic function field \(K_ P\). For any field extension \(L/K\), \({\mathcal O}_ L\) denotes the integral closure of \(A\) in \(L\). Let \(h_ P\) be the cardinality of the class group of the divisors of degree zero of the field \(K_ P\), \(Cl^ 0(K_ P)\), \(h^ +_ P\) be the cardinality of \(Cl^ 0(K_ P^ +)\) and \(h_ P^ - = h_ P/h_ P^ +\). \textit{D. Goss} [Duke Math. J. 49, 377--384 (1982; Zbl 0473.12013)], proved that for \(q=p\), \(p\geq 3\), there exist infinitely primes \(P\in A\) such that \(h_ P^ - \equiv 0\bmod p\). This result was generalized by \textit{K. Feng} [J. Number Theory 22, 240--245 (1986; Zbl 0578.12012)] for general \(q\). Concerning the ideal class group \(Cl({\mathcal O}_ { K_ P^ +})\), \textit{H. Ichimura} [J. Number Theory 72, No.1, 140-149 (1998; Zbl 1073.11524)] proved that if \(p\) is an odd prime larger or equal to \(7\), \(q\neq p\) and \(q^2+1\) is square free, then there exist infinitely many primes \(P\in A\) such that \(| Cl({\mathcal O}_{K_ P^+})| \equiv 0 \bmod p\). In the paper under review, the author generalizes Ichimura's result by proving \(| Cl({\mathcal O} _{K_ P^+})| \equiv 0\bmod q\) for general odd prime number \(p\) and proving analogous results in the imaginary case. The method is inspired by Ichimura's paper that uses elliptic curves over \({\mathbb F}_ q\). In the present paper, one key point in the author's construction is the existence of a prime \(P\in A\) of degree \(6\) such that \(q\) divides the class number of the ring of integers of \({\mathbb K}_ P:= {\mathbb F}_ q(T, \sqrt{P(T)})\) and such that \(T\) is not a square modulo \(P(T)\).