Quasi-periodic solutions of the equation \(v_{tt} - v_{xx} +v^3 = f(v)\) (Q874392)

The paper deals with the existence of quasi-periodic small amplitude solutions of the nonlinear wave equation \(v_{tt}-v_{xx}=-v^3+f(v)\) with periodic boundary conditions \(v(t,x)=v(t,x+2\pi)\). The nonlinearity \(f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}\) is assumed to be analytic near zero and \(f(v)=O(v^4)\) as \(v\to 0\) so that the problem is completely resonant. The author looks for solutions of the form \(v(t,x)=u(\omega_1t+x,\omega_2t+x)\) with \(\omega_1/\omega_2\not\in\mathbb{Q}\). Setting \(\omega_1=1+\varepsilon+b\varepsilon^2\) and \(\omega_2=1+b\varepsilon^2\), the main result is the existence of a Cantor set \(B\subset\mathbb{R}^2_+\) such that for \((b,\varepsilon)\in B\) there exists a solution \(v_{b,\varepsilon}\); moreover, \(b\sim 1/2\), \(\varepsilon\sim 0\). A second result yields waves travelling in opposite direction, i.e.\ solutions of the form \(v(t,x)=u(\omega_1t +x, \omega_2 t-x)\). This generalizes work of \textit{M. Procesi} [Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 13, No. 3, 541-552 (2005; Zbl 1086.35007)]. The proofs are based on a Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction near \(b=1/2\), \(\varepsilon =0\), \(u=0\). This yields a range equation and a bifurcation equation. The range equation is solved for a Cantor set of parameters with the contraction mapping theorem. The bifurcation equation is still infinite-dimensional and is solved using an ODE analysis.