Function spaces associated with Schrödinger operators: the Pöschl-Teller potential (Q877745)

The authors introduce Triebel-Lizorkin function spaces \(F^{\alpha, q}_p(H)\) and Besov spaces \(B^{\alpha, q}_p(H)\) associated with the Schrödinger operator \(H =-d^2/dx^2 + V\) on \(\mathbb R\), where \(V(x) = -n(n + 1)\cdot \text{sech}^2 x\), is called in quantum physics the Pöschl-Teller potential. Both function spaces are defined via the the quasi-norms \[ \|f\|_{F^{\alpha, q}_p(H)} =\bigg\| \bigg( \sum_{j=0}^\infty 2^{j \alpha q} |\varphi_j(H) f|^q \bigg)^{1/q} \bigg\|_{L^p} \] and \[ \|f\|_{B^{\alpha, q}_p(H)} =\Bigg( \sum_{j=0}^\infty 2^{j \alpha q}\|\varphi_j(H) f \|_{L^p}^q \Bigg)^{1/q}, \] respectively, where \(\alpha\in \mathbb R\), \(0<p<\infty\), \(0<q\leq \infty\), and the functions \(\{\varphi_j\} \subset C_0^\infty(\mathbb R)\) satisfy (i) {supp} \(\varphi_0 \subset \{|x| \leq 1 \}\); (ii) {supp} \(\varphi_j \subset \{ 2^{j-2} \leq |x| \leq 2^j \}\) for \(j\geq 1\); (iii) \(|\varphi_j^{(m)}(x)| \leq c_m 2^{-mj}\) for all \(j, m =0, 1, 2, \dots\); (iv) \(\sum_{j=0}^\infty \varphi_j (x)=1\) for all \(x\in\mathbb R\). Then they give a maximal function characterization of \(F^{\alpha, q}_p(H)\) \[ \|f\|_{F^{\alpha, q}_p(H)} \approx \bigg\| \bigg( \sum_{j=0}^\infty \left| 2^{j \alpha} \varphi_{j,s}^* f\right|^q \bigg)^{1/q} \bigg\|_{L^p} \] and a maximal function characterization of \(B^{\alpha, q}_p(H)\) \[ \|f\|_{B^{\alpha, q}_p(H)} \approx \Bigg( \sum_{j=0}^\infty 2^{j \alpha q}\|\varphi_{j,s}^* f \|_{L^p}^q \Bigg)^{1/q}, \] where \(\varphi_{j,s}^* f\) is the Peetre type maximal function defined by \[ \varphi_{j,s}^* f(x)=\sup_{t\in \mathbb R}\frac{|\varphi_j(H) f(t)|}{(1+2^{j/2}|x-t|)^s}. \] By showing the identification of \(F^{0,2}_p(H)=L^p\) for \(1<p<\infty\) and using interpolation, the authors identify their function spaces with the classical ones: (1) \(F^{\alpha, q}_p(H)=F^{2\alpha, q}_p(\mathbb R)\)\quad if \(\alpha>0\), \(1<p<\infty\), and \(2p/(p+1)<q\leq 2p\); (2) \(B^{\alpha, q}_p(H)=B^{2\alpha, q}_p(\mathbb R)\)\quad if \(\alpha>0\), \(1\leq p<\infty\), and \(1\leq q\leq \infty\). Finally, an estimate in the Besov norm to the corresponding wave function \(\psi (t, x) = e^{-it H}f(x)\) is also shown.