Periodic solutions of second order nonlinear difference equations with discrete \(\phi\)-Laplacian (Q879044)

In Section 1 the authors give necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the forced discrete \(\phi\)-Laplacian subject to periodic boundary conditions \[ D\phi(Dx_k)= h_k\quad (2\leq k\leq n-1),\;x_1= x_0,\;Dx_1= Dx_{n-1}. \] In Section 2 the authors obtain a result, using the methods of upper and lower solutions for periodic problems of the form \[ D\Phi(Dx_k)+ f_k(x_k)= 0 \quad (2\leq k\leq n-1), \quad x_1= x_n,\;Dx_1= Dx_{n-1}. \] In Section 3 the authors combine the method of upper and lower solutions with Brouwer degree theory and prove an Ambrosetti-Prodi type result for periodic solutions of second-order difference equations of the form \[ D\phi(Dx_k)+ f_k(x_k)= s\quad (2\leq k\leq n-1),\;x_1= x_n,\;Dx_1= Dx_{n-1}, \] where \(f_k(x)\to \infty\) when \(|x|\to\infty\). In Section 4 they obtain existence results for second-order difference equations with periodic boundary conditions involving discrete \(\phi\)-Laplacian. In the last section of this paper the authors give Lazer-Solimini type results.