Loops which are semidirect products of groups. (Q879239)

It is known that given a group \(G\), a subgroup \(H\leq G\) and a map \(\sigma\colon G/H\to G\) fulfilling suitable properties and called section it is possible to introduce on the factor space \(G/H\) a loop structure. In this paper the authors consider the above construction starting from an appropriate group \(\Gamma\) of affinities of an affine space \(\mathcal A\) of dimension \(2n\) over a commutative field \(\mathbb{K}\), a subgroup \(H\) thereof, a section \(\sigma\colon\Gamma/H\to\Gamma\) which is also sharply (for the definitions of \(\Gamma\), \(H\), \(\sigma\) see \S2, Theorem~1). They prove that the loop obtained in this way is isomorphic to the loop \(\widetilde L\) defined on the product set \(\mathbb{K}^n\times\Gamma_0\) (\(\Gamma_0\) is a subgroup of \(\text{GL}(n,\mathbb{K})\)) by a suitable multiplication ``\(*\)'' also introduced in Theorem~1. Since \((\mathbb{K}^n,I_n)\) is a normal subgroup of \(\widetilde L\), the loop \(\widetilde L\) is called semidirect product of the group \(\mathbb{K}^n\) by the group \(\Gamma_0\). With this procedure they construct a wide class of proper loops whose elements can be regarded as \(n\)-dimensional subspaces of \(\mathcal A\). This representation depends on the existence of a regular orbit of the hyperplane at infinity of \(\mathcal A\) under the action of the group \(\Gamma_0'\), a subgroup of \(\text{GL}(2n,\mathbb{K})\) strictly related to \(\Gamma_0\). Section 3 is devoted to give classes of examples of such loops, whose existence depends on the behaviour of the eigenvalues of certain products of matrices in \(\text{GL}(n,\mathbb{K})\). In \S4 the groups topologically generated by right translations of these loops are studied and it is proved that they are smooth groups having a normal Abelian subgroup of infinite dimension. Finally the Akivis algebra of smooth loops constructed in this paper is characterized as a semidirect product of Lie algebras.