Locally semi-simple representations of quivers. (Q882643)

The isomorphism classes of representations of dimension vector \(\alpha\) of a quiver \(Q\) are in a one-to-one correspondence with the orbits of \(\text{GL}(\alpha)\) (a product of general linear groups) acting linearly on an affine space \(R(Q,\alpha)\). The Zariski closed orbits correspond to semi-simple representations. It is also well motivated to restrict the action to the commutator subgroup \(\text{SL}(\alpha)\) (a product of special linear groups) of \(\text{GL}(\alpha)\). The \(\text{SL}(\alpha)\)-invariant polynomial functions on \(R(Q,\alpha)\) are called semi-invariants. The author applies Luna's slice theorem to study the geometry of this action. Given an action of a connected reductive group \(G\) on an irreducible affine variety \(X\), the author calls a point locally semi-simple if its \(G'\)-orbit is closed, where \(G'\) denotes the commutator subgroup of \(G\). Working over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of characteristic zero, he gives some equivalent characterizations of locally semi-simple points, refines the Luna stratification of the algebraic quotient \(X//G'\) by considering stabilizers in the overgroup \(G\), and proves a variant of the Luna-Richardson theorem that provides an isomorphism between \(k[X]^{G'}\) and \(k[X^H]^N\), where \(H\) is the generic stabilizer (in \(G\)) of a locally semi-simple point, and \(N\) is its normalizer in \(G'\). This is applied to the \(\text{GL}(\alpha)\)-action on \(R(Q,\alpha)\) and yields a decomposition of the algebra \(k[R(Q,\alpha)]^{\text{SL}(\alpha)}\) of semi-invariants in terms of spaces of relative invariants on representation spaces with smaller dimension vectors occuring as summands of the generic locally semi-simple decomposition of \(\alpha\). As a corollary, the structure theorem of \textit{A. Skowroński} and \textit{J. Weyman} [Transform. Groups 5, No. 4, 361-402 (2000; Zbl 0986.16004)] on the algebras of semi-invariants of tame quivers is reproved with the aid of the semi-invariants constructed by \textit{A. Schofield} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 43, No. 3, 385-395 (1991; Zbl 0779.16005)] and the fact [from \textit{H. Derksen} and \textit{J. Weyman}, J. Am. Math. Soc. 13, No. 3, 467-479 (2000; Zbl 0993.16011)] that these semi-invariants span the algebra of semi-invariants.