Random dynamics of polynomials and Devil's-staircase-like functions in the complex plane (Q884155)

A polynomial semigroup \(G\) is a semigroup generated by non-constant polynomials with composition of functions as semigroup operation. The Fatou set \(F(G)\) of \(G\) is defined as the set of all \(z \in \overline{\mathbb{C}} = \mathbb{C} \cup \{\infty\}\) such that \(G\) is normal in a neighbourhood of \(z\), and the Julia set \(J(G)\) of \(G\) is given by \(J(G) = \overline{\mathbb{C}} \setminus F(G)\). The postcritical set \(P(G)\) of \(G\) is the closure of the \(G\)-orbit of the union of any critical values of any generators of \(G\). For two compact connected sets \(K_1\), \(K_2 \subset \overline{\mathbb{C}}\) we write \(K_1 \leq K_2\) if \(K_1=K_2\) or if \(K_1\) is contained in a bounded component of \(\mathbb{C} \setminus K_2\). This defines a partial order in the space of all non-empty compact connected sets. One of the main results states that if \(P(G)\) is bounded in \(\mathbb{C}\), then the space \(\mathcal{J}_G\) of all connected components of \(J(G)\) not containing \(\infty\) is totally ordered by \(\leq\). Using this result the author proves the following result on random dynamics. Let \(\tau\) be a Borel probability measure on the space of all polynomials of degree at least \(2\) endowed with the topology of uniform convergence on \(\overline{\mathbb{C}}\). Consider the i.i.d. random dynamics on \(\overline{\mathbb{C}}\) such that at every step there is chosen a polynomial \(g\) according to the distribution \(\tau\). Let \(T_\infty(z)\) be the probability of tending to \(\infty\) starting from the initial value \(z \in \overline{\mathbb{C}}\), and let \(G_\tau\) be the polynomial semigroup generated by the support of \(\tau\). Suppose that the support of \(\tau\) is compact, that the postcritical set of \(G_\tau\) is bounded in \(\mathbb{C}\) and that the Julia set of \(G_\tau\) is disconnected. Then the following assertions hold: (1) For any component \(U\) of \(F(G_\tau)\) there is a constant \(C_U \in [0,1]\) such that \(T_\infty| _U \equiv C_U\). (2) \(T_\infty \colon \overline{\mathbb{C}} \to [0,1]\) is a continuous function on \(\overline{\mathbb{C}}\). (3) For two components \(J_1\), \(J_2\) of the Julia set of \(G_\tau\) with \(J_1 \leq J_2\) there holds \(\max_{z \in J_1}{T_\infty(z)} \leq \max_{z \in J_2}{T_\infty(z)}\). Hence, \(T_\infty\) is similar to the devil's-staircase function.