Random-player maker-breaker games (Q888617)

Summary: In a \((1:b)\) Maker-Breaker game, one of the central questions is to find the maximal value of \(b\) that allows Maker to win the game (that is, the critical bias \(b^\ast\)). Erdős conjectured that the critical bias for many Maker-Breaker games played on the edge set of \(K_n\) is the same as if both players claim edges randomly. Indeed, in many Maker-Breaker games, ``Erdős Paradigm'' turned out to be true. Therefore, the next natural question to ask is the (typical) value of the critical bias for Maker-Breaker games where only one player claims edges randomly. A random-player Maker-Breaker game is a two-player game, played the same as an ordinary (biased) Maker-Breaker game, except that one player plays according to his best strategy and claims one element in each round, while the other plays randomly and claims \(b\) (or \(m\)) elements. In fact, for every (ordinary) Maker-Breaker game, there are two different random-player versions; the \((1:b)\) random-Breaker game and the \((m:1)\) random-Maker game. We analyze the random-player version of several classical Maker-Breaker games such as the Hamilton cycle game, the perfect-matching game and the \(k\)-vertex-connectivity game (played on the edge set of \(K_n\)). For each of these games we find or estimate the asymptotic values of the bias (either \(b\) or \(m\)) that allow each player to typically win the game. In fact, we provide the ``smart'' player with an explicit winning strategy for the corresponding value of the bias.