The Radon transform between monogenic and generalized slice monogenic functions (Q889935)

Using the Radon and dual Radon transforms, two theorems make explicit a connection between holomorphic functions depending on a parameter and monogenic functions defined on \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\). The development of this link, which was suggested initially by \textit{J. Bureš} et al. [Elements of quaternionic analysis and Radon transform. Coimbra: Universidade de Coimbra, Departamento de Matemática (2009; Zbl 1190.30002)], requires the definition of suitable function spaces. Denote by \(\mathbb{R}_n\) the real Clifford algebra over \(n\) imaginary units \(e_ie_j+ e_je_i= -2\delta_{ij}\). The element \((x_1, x_2,\dots, x_n)\in\mathbb{R}^n\) is identified with the 1-vector in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) by \((e_1,x_2,\dots,x_n)\to\underline x= x_1e_1+\cdots+ x_ne_n\). \(S^{n-1}= \{\underline w= e_1w_1+\cdots + e_nw_n\mid w^2_1+\cdots +w^2_n= 1\}\). For an open set \({\mathcal U}\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\) a real differentiable function \(f:{\mathcal U}\to \mathbb{R}^n\) is called monogenic if \({\mathcal D}f= 0\), where \({\mathcal D}=\partial_{x_0} \sum^n_{j=1} e_j\partial_{x_j}\). Denote by \({\mathcal M}\) the right \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module of monogenic functions on \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\setminus\{0\}\) and by \({\mathcal M}_0\) the submodule of functions in \({\mathcal M}\) which extend analytically to \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\). Denote by \(\mathbb{C}_{\underline w}\) the subspace \(\mathbb{R}+\underline w\mathbb{R}\) of \(\mathbb{R}^{n+1}\) passing through 1 and \(\underline w\in S^{n-1}\). Then for an open set \(U\subseteq\mathbb{R}^2\) a smooth function \(f:{\mathcal U}\times S^{n-1}\to\mathbb{R}_n\) is termed ``slice monogenic'' if it satisfies \(\partial_{\overline w}f(x_0,p,\underline w)= 0\) for any \(\underline w\in S^{n-1}\), where \(\partial_{\overline w}={1\over 2}(\partial_{x_0}+\underline w\partial_p)\) operates on the plane \(\mathbb{C}_{\overline w}\). Denote by \({\mathcal S}\) the right \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module of even slice monogenic functions on \((\mathbb{R}^2\setminus\{0\})\times S^{n-1}\) and by \({\mathcal S}_0\) the submodule of \({\mathcal S}\) which extends analytically to \(\mathbb{R}^2\times S^{n-1}\). Theorem A states that the dual Radon transform is a linear map of the \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module \({\mathcal S}_0\) onto \({\mathcal M}_0\). Theorem B states that the Radon transform is an injective linear map of the \(\mathbb{R}_n\)-module \({\mathcal M}_\infty\) onto \({\mathcal S}_\infty\), where \({\mathcal M}_\infty\) is the right-submodule of functions in \({\mathcal M}\) which extend analytically at \(\infty\) and \({\mathcal S}_\infty\) is the submodule of functions in \({\mathcal S}\) which extend analytically at \(\infty\). The authors observe that their approach enables a description of relations between slice monogenic functions and monogenic functions which is independent of the parity of dimension \(n\). The paper is very readable and well organized with one whole section providing a collection of properties of monogenic and slice monogenic functions preceding the proofs of the main results. A somewhat lengthy, though worthwhile, introduction sets the context for the results.