An algorithm to construct arithmetic Fuchsian groups derived from quaternion algebras and the corresponding hyperbolic lattices. (Q899564)

A regular hyperbolic polygon with \(p\) edges (\(p\)-gon), \(\mathcal P_p\), is a convex closed set formed by \(p\) hyperbolic segments. If the edges have the same length and the internal angles are equal, the \(p\)-gon is a regular \(p\)-gon. A non-overlapping covering of the plane by regular \(p\)-gons is a regular tessellation. Such a tessellation will be denoted by \(\{p,q\}\) when \(q\) \(p\)-gons meet at each vertex. The paper under review is devoted to obtain arithmetic Fuchsian groups \(\Gamma_p\) from a tessellation \(\{p,q\}\) whose \(p\)-gon \(\mathcal P_p\) generates a Riemann surface of genus \(g\geq 2\). In order to get it, the authors obtain a necessary condition which they call the Fermat condition, which states that \(\Gamma_p\) exists if (although it should read `only if') both \(p\) and \(q\) can be factored as \(2^kp_1p_2\cdots p_s\), where the \(p_i\) are different Fermat primes. Then, an algorithm is described for obtaining arithmetic Fuchsian groups. Finally, they consider the tessellations \(\{4g,4g\}\) for \(g=2^n\), \(3\cdot 2^n\) or \(5\cdot 2^n\), and the tessellation \(\{10,5\}\). They construct Fuchsian groups \(\Gamma_{4g}\) and \(\Gamma_{10}\) by means of different edge-pairings, and prove that in each case, the resulting groups are however isomorphic.