Nonmeasurable subgroups of compact groups (Q905407)

In 1985 \textit{S. Saeki} and \textit{K. Stromberg} [Math. Scand. 57, 359--374 (1985; Zbl 0593.43001)] asked whether every infinite compact group \(G\) contains a non-measurable subgroup (here, measurable means measurable with respect to the unique normalized Haar measure of \(G\)). A positive answer is known for abelian compact groups [\textit{W. W. Comfort} et al., Appl. Gen. Topol. 7, No. 1, 109--124 (2009; Zbl 1135.22004)]. In the present paper, it is proven that every infinite non-profinite compact group and every profinite group of uncountable weight have some non-measurable subgroups. In particular, every compact group which is not profinite and metrizable has a non-measurable subgroup. Moreover, an infinite compact group in which every subgroup is measurable is proven to be necessarily strongly complete (i.e., profinite and every finite-index subgroup is open) and almost perfect (i.e., the commutator \(G'\) of \(G\) has finite index in \(G\)). So, the starting general question reduces to the case of infinite strongly complete and almost perfect groups. As a consequence of the previous theorems, the fact that all Borel subgroups of a compact group are measurable, and results counting the number of Borel subsets and of subgroups in infinite metrizable compact groups, it is deduced that every infinite compact group has a subgroup which is not a Borel subset.