Self-similar Lie algebras (Q907275)

Self-similar groups now play fundamental role in group theory, see the review of [\textit{R. I. Grigorchuk}, Prog. Math. 184, 121--179 (2000; Zbl 0982.20024)]. The goal of the author is to present in a unifying way constructions of so called ``self-similar'' Lie algebras that appear, in particular, in theory of self-similar groups and associative algebras. The motivation is given by the following papers. Constructions of self-similar associative algebras go back to [\textit{L. Bartholdi}, Isr. J. Math. 154, 93--139 (2006; Zbl 1173.16303); erratum 193, 507--508 (2013)]. A self-similar nil restricted Lie algebra in characteristic 2 was constructed in: [\textit{V. M. Petrogradsky}, J. Algebra 302, No. 2, 881--886 (2006; Zbl 1109.17008)]. That example was generalized for arbitrary characteristic in [\textit{I. P. Shestakov} and \textit{E. Zelmanov}, J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 10, No. 2, 391--398 (2008; Zbl 1144.17013)]. See also further developments in: [\textit{V. M. Petrogradsky} et al., Groups Geom. Dyn. 4, No. 4, 873--900 (2010; Zbl 1229.17025)]. Somewhat close constructions of Lie algebras of \textit{maximal class} are studied in [\textit{A. Caranti} et al., Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 349, No. 10, 4021--4051 (1997; Zbl 0895.17031)]. The author introduces the following crucial notion. Let \(L\) be a Lie algebra and \(X\) a commutative algebra, whose Lie algebra of derivations is denoted by \(\mathrm{Der }X\). Their \textit{wreath product} \(L\wr\mathrm{Der }X\) is the Lie algebra \(X\otimes L\leftthreetimes\mathrm{Der }X\). A \textit{self-similar Lie algebra} is a Lie algebra \(L\) endowed with a mapping \(\psi:L\to L \wr\mathrm{Der }X\). A number of self-similar restricted Lie algebras is considered, in particular the Lie algebras mentioned above and new examples as well. In case of (restricted) Lie algebras, the author also introduces the following notions and shows their interactions: bounded norm, evanescing, contracting, recurrent, nucleus, Hausdorff dimension, (weakly) (regularly) branched Lie algebras and others. These notions may have influence on further development of the theory of self-similar Lie algebras and their applications. The author summarizes the results of the paper as follows. Theorem. The Lie algebra associated with the Grigorchuk group, after quotienting by its center; the Lie algebra associated with the Gupta-Sidki group; and the extended Petrogradsky-Shestakov-Zelmanov Lie algebras enjoy the following properties: they are self-similar, nil, just infinite, not PI, and of finite Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. Furthermore, the first one is of maximal class. A particular interesting result is as follows. The \(G\) be the Grigorchuk group and \(L_{K}(G)\) its respective restricted Lie algebra over a field \(K\) of characteristic 2. The author presents \(L_{K}(G)\) as a self-similar restricted Lie algebra and shows that the restricted Lie algebra \(L_{\mathbb F_2}(G)\) is nil while \(L_{\mathbb F_4}(G)\) is not nil. Reviewers remark. A precise version of Theorem 5.8 on growth, where the constant is computed explicitly, see Theorem 2.1 in [\textit{V. M. Petrogradsky}, Int. J. Algebra Comput. 9, No. 2, 179--212 (1999; Zbl 0931.17007)].