V-valuations of a commutative ring. I (Q908969)

A V-monoid is a totally ordered commutative monoid \(\Gamma\) with maximum \(\infty\) such that \(\alpha <\beta\) in \(\Gamma\) implies \(\alpha +\gamma <0\leq \beta +\gamma\) for some \(\gamma\) in \(\Gamma\). A V-valuation of a (commutative) ring R is a map v: \(R\to \Gamma\) onto a V-monoid \(\Gamma\) such that \((a)\quad v(rs)=v(r)+v(s)\) for all \(r,s\in R\), \((b)\quad there\) exists a unit \(t\in R\) such that \((i)\quad \min \{v(r),v(s)\}\leq v(r+s)+v(t)\) for all \(r,s\in R\), \((ii)\quad v(s)<0\) implies \(nv(s)+v(t)<0\) for some natural n. A subset A of a ring R is called CMC- subset if A, \(R\setminus A\) are multiplicatively closed, 0,1\(\in A\), and there exists a unit \(t\in R\) such that \(a,b\in A\) implies \(t(a+b)\in A\) and \(s\not\in A\) implies \(s^ nt\not\in A\) for some natural n. Main results: 1.The map \(v\mapsto A_ v=\{r\in R;\quad v(r)\geq 0\}\) induces a bijection between the set of isomorphism classes of V- valuations of the ring R and the set of all CMC subsets of R; V- valuations with \(t=1\) correspond to CMC subrings of R. Moreover for any non-trivial V-monoid \(\Gamma\) which is either Boolean (i.e. \(\gamma +\gamma =\gamma\) for \(\gamma\in \Gamma)\) or \(\Gamma\) \(\setminus \{\infty \}\) is cancellative there exists a CMC subring of some polynomial ring over \({\mathbb{Z}}\) with natural V-valuation by \(\Gamma\) (and with \(t=1).\) 2. Let \(A\subseteq R\) be a CMC-subring of R. A CMC-subring B of R is called an intermediate ring to A in R if \(A\subseteq B\) and B:x\(\subset B:y\) implies A:x\(\subset A:y\) for all \(x,y\in R\). It is proved that intermediate rings to \(A_ v\) in R correspond to isomorphism classes of V-valuations composite with v. 3. Conditions are found under which ideals of certain type of a CMC- subring A can be represented as a set of zero divisors of an A-module R/B for some ring B intermediate to A in R.