On Ol'shanskiĭ's semigroup (Q909048)

Let \(G_{{\mathbb{C}}}\) be the simply connected Lie group with Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}_{{\mathbb{C}}}={\mathfrak g}\otimes_{{\mathbb{R}}}{\mathbb{C}}\), where \({\mathfrak g}\) is a real finite dimensional Lie algebra with invariant pointed generating cone W, and G the identity component of the fixpoint set of the involutive automorphism \({\hat \tau}\) of \(G_{{\mathbb{C}}}\) induced by conjugation \(\tau\) of \({\mathfrak g}\) by means of the simple connectivity of \(G_{{\mathbb{C}}}\). In the case of a simple Lie algebra Ol'shanskij showed that the set (exp iW)G\(\subseteq G_{{\mathbb{C}}}\) is a closed subsemigroup homeomorphic to \(W\times G\). In this paper the author proves an analogous result with a more general class of Lie algebras. First of all, Ol'shanskij's result is shown for semisimple \({\mathfrak g}\) using the properties of the symmetric group \((G_{{\mathbb{C}}},{\hat \tau})\) and the nondegenerate hermitian form \(<\bullet,\bullet >=B(\bullet,\tau \bullet)\) with the Cartan-Killing form B. The existence of an invariant pointed generating cone W has immense consequences on the structure of the underlying Lie algebra and the structure of the Lie group. With help of the real root decomposition with respect to a compactly embedded Cartan algebra \({\mathfrak h}^ a \)detailed description of the structure of the radical \({\mathfrak r}\) is given. There also is a unique Levi complement \({\mathfrak s}\) such that \({\mathfrak h}=({\mathfrak h}\cap {\mathfrak r})\oplus ({\mathfrak h}\cap {\mathfrak s})\). The author describes the Lie bracket of the Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\), the Lie group multiplication of the simply connected Lie group corresponding to \({\mathfrak g}\), and states explicitly its exponential function. An invariant pointed generating cone W is called adapted (to a Levi decomposition) if \(p_{{\mathfrak s}}(W)=W\cap {\mathfrak s}\) holds, where \(p_{{\mathfrak s}}\) is the projection from \({\mathfrak g}\) onto \({\mathfrak s}\) along \({\mathfrak r}\). If the cone W is adapted, it is shown that, regardless of the Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\), the map \(\phi\) : \(W\times G\to S=(\exp iW)G\), (X,g)\(\mapsto (\exp iX)g\) is a homeomorphism and that S is a closed strictly infinitesimally generated subsemigroup of \(G_{{\mathbb{C}}}\) with tangent wedge \({\mathfrak g}\oplus iW\).