Algebraic varieties preserved by generic flows (Q910447)

Let \(\Sigma ={\mathbb{C}}[x_ 1,...,x_{2n}]\) be the complex commutative polynomial ring. For \(k\in {\mathbb{N}}\), we denote by \(\Sigma^ k\) the complex vector space of homogeneous polynomials in \(\Sigma\) of degree \( k.\) For every \(P\in \Sigma^ k\), let \(h_ P:=\sum^{n}_{i=1}(\partial P/\partial x_{i+n})\partial_{x_ i}- (\partial P/\partial x_ i)\partial_{x_{i+n}} \) be its Hamiltonian vector field on \({\mathbb{C}}^{2n}\). We denote by \(\rho_ P\) the projectivization of \(h_ P\) on \({\mathbb{P}}^{2n-1}\). The main result of the present paper is the following theorem 1: Let \(k\geq 4\). Then for a generic \(P\in \Sigma^ k\) the only algebraic subvarieties of \(P^{2n-1}\) preserved by \(\rho_ P\) are \(V_ P\), \({\mathbb{P}}^{2n-1}\) and a finite number of isolated singular points of the direction field \(\rho_ P\), where \(V_ P\) is the variety of zeroes of P in \({\mathbb{P}}^{2n-1}.\) We say that \(\rho_ P\) preserves a subvariety Y in \({\mathbb{P}}^{2n-1}\) if the direction \(\rho_{P,p}\) is tangent to Y at every smooth point \(p\in Y\). We say that a property \({\mathcal P}\) holds for a generic \(P\in \Sigma^ k\) if the set \(\{P\in \Sigma^ k|\) \({\mathcal P}\) does not hold for P\} is contained in a countable number of hypersurfaces in \(\Sigma^ k\). The proof is by induction on n and it needs a detailed study of the singular points of \(\rho_ P\) and of the subvarieties preserved by \(\rho_ P\) near such singular points. The step \(n=2\) is based on a result of \textit{J. Bernstein} and the author [Invent. Math. 94, No.2, 223-243 (1988; Zbl 0658.32009)]. Let \(A_ n({\mathbb{C}}):={\mathbb{C}}[x_ 1,...,x_ n,\partial_{x_ 1},...,\partial_{x_ n}]\) be the Weyl algebra. Theorem 1 has the following corollary: For each differential operator \(D\in A_ n({\mathbb{C}})\) of degree \(k\geq 4,\) with generic symbol \(\sigma (D)\in \Sigma^ k\), the left ideal \(A_ n({\mathbb{C}})D\) is maximal. The case \(n=2\) was proved in the paper cited above. Finally the author sketches the proof of the following result (which is a generalization of a theorem in the paper cited above): Theorem 2.\ Let \(k\geq 1\). Then for a generic \(\xi \in H^ 0({\mathbb{P}}^ m,T(k))\) the corresponding direction field \({\bar \xi}\) preserves no algebraic subvarieties \(Y\subsetneqq {\mathbb{P}}^ m\) except a finite number of isolated singular points of \(\xi\), where T(k) is the twisted tangent bundle on \({\mathbb{P}}^ m\).