Locally convex functions and the Schwarzian derivative (Q910886)

Various families of locally univalent holomorphic functions defined on the unit disk \({\mathbb{D}}\) are considered. Let K(r) \((0<r\leq 1)\) denote those locally univalent functions which are univalent on every hyperbolic disk with hyperbolic radius \((1/2)\log [(1+r)/(1-r)]\) and map any such disk onto an Euclidean convex set. \({\mathcal F}(\eta)\) is the family of all locally univalent functions with linearly invariant order at most \(\eta\). \({\mathcal S}(\beta)\) consists of those locally univalent functions with Schwarzian norm at most \(2\beta\) ; this is, \((1-| z|^ 2)| S_ f(z)| \leq 2\beta\) for \(z\in {\mathbb{D}}\), where \(S_ f\) denotes the Schwarzian derivative of f. In a basic paper [Linear-invariante Familien analytischer Funktionen I, Math. Ann. 155, 108-154 (1964; Zbl 0128.301)], \textit{Ch. Pommerenke} studied linearly invariant functions and established various connections between these three families. Harmelin gives further relations and improves some of the known ones. A basic technique used in the paper involves considering the linear invariantly family \(K(\Omega,r)\) of \(\Omega\)-locally convex functions, where \(\Omega\) is a hyperbolic region in \({\mathbb{C}}\) and \(0<r\leq 1\). A function f belongs to K(\(\Omega\),r) provided \(1+z\phi_ f(z;\zeta)\in \Omega\) for \(| z| <r\) and \(\zeta\in {\mathbb{D}}\), where \[ \phi_ f(z;\zeta)=(f\circ g)''(z)/(f\circ g)'(z)\quad and\quad g(z)=(z+\zeta)/(1+{\bar \zeta}z). \]