Rigid monomial algebras (Q911695)

A monomial relations algebra is a finite dimensional quotient of a quiver algebra kQ over a field k by a two-sided ideal \(<Z>\) generated by a minimal set of paths Z; the purpose of this paper is to classify the rigid algebras of the form \(kQ/<Z>\). When Z is the set of all the paths of a fixed length, the problem has been solved [in Adv. Math. 79, 18-42 (1990)]. A new quiver P is attached to the data Q and Z; the vertices are couples (\(\gamma\),\(\beta)\) of parallel paths with \(\gamma\) in Z and \(\beta\) not in \(<Z>\). The arrows are closely related to the set Z*Z of minimal paths containing exactly two paths of Z which overlap non trivially. Some of the connected components of P are significant and we call them medals. The dimension of the second cohomology vector space \(H^ 2\) of \(kQ/<Z>\) is the number of medals minus the number of effective elements in some set and minus the rank of a matrix G. Only this rank depends on the characteristic of k and in fact G is empty when Q is directed. We infer the precise conditions for the vanishing of \(H^ 2\). If these conditions are not satisfied and Q is directed we obtain explicit nontrivial deformations of \(kQ/<Z>\). The converse of Gerstenhaber's result \((H^ 2=0\) implies rigidity), is false in general [\textit{M. Gerstenhaber} and \textit{S. D. Schack}, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 43, 53-74 (1986; Zbl 0603.16021)]. Our theorem shows that this converse holds for monomial relations algebras with directed quiver. The principal tool in our computations is a four-terms exact sequence that we obtain for an arbitrary two-sided ideal I of kQ \[ 0\to H^ 1(\Lambda,\Lambda)\to H^ 1(kQ,\Lambda)\to^{R}Hom_{kQ-kQ}(I/I^ 2,\Lambda)\to H^ 2(\Lambda,\Lambda)\to 0, \] where \(\Lambda\) is kQ/I and R the restriction morphism.