Spin module versions of Weyl's reciprocity theorem for classical Kac- Moody Lie algebras. An application to branching rule duality (Q912964)

In this big paper the author studies tensor products of the spin modules (Fermion Fock space representations) for classical (simple or affine) Kac-Moody Lie algebras. He finds that there are mutually commutant pairs of classical Kac-Moody Lie algebras acting on the spin modules, and describes the irreducible decompositions in terms of Young diagrams. For a finite dimensional reductive complex Lie algebra \({\mathfrak g}\), let \({\mathfrak g}^\wedge ={\mathfrak g}\otimes {\mathbb{C}}[t,t^{-1}]\oplus {\mathbb{C}}c\) be the corresponding affine Lie algebra. Let W be an N-dimensional vector space equipped with a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form \(\{.,.\}\), and put \(W^{{\mathbb{Z}}+h}=W\otimes t^ h{\mathbb{C}}[t,t^{-1}]\) for \(h=0\) or 1/2. The bilinear form \(\{.,.\}\) in \(W^{{\mathbb{Z}}+h}\) is defined by \(\{w\otimes t^{\nu},w'\otimes t^{\nu'}\}=\{w,w'\}\delta_{\nu +\nu ',0}.\) Consider the exterior algebra \(\wedge (W^{{\mathbb{Z}}+h,-})\) over the maximal isotropic subspace \(W^{{\mathbb{Z}}+h,-}\) with respect to the above inner product. This exterior algebra has the spin module structure over \({\mathfrak o}(W)^\wedge\), and is called the Fermion Fock space of the Ramond (if \(h=0)\) or the Neveu-Schwarz (if \(h=1/2)\) sector. Next the Lie algebra pairs (\({\mathfrak g}_ L,{\mathfrak g}_ R)\) and their embeddings \({\mathfrak g}_ L\oplus {\mathfrak G}_ R\hookrightarrow {\mathfrak o}(W)\) are given as follows. \[ (1)\quad {\mathfrak g}_ L\oplus {\mathfrak g}_ R={\mathfrak gl}(V_ 1)\oplus {\mathfrak sl}(V_ 2),\quad W=(V_ 1\otimes V_ 2)\oplus (V_ 1\otimes V_ 2)^*; \] \[ (2)\quad {\mathfrak g}_ L\oplus {\mathfrak g}_ R={\mathfrak sp}(V_ 1)\oplus {\mathfrak sp}(V_ 2),\quad W=V_ 1\otimes V_ 2; \] \[ (3)\quad {\mathfrak g}_ L\oplus {\mathfrak g}_ R={\mathfrak o}(V_ 1)\oplus {\mathfrak o}(V_ 2),\quad W=V_ 1\otimes V_ 2. \] The problem is to decompose the \({\mathfrak o}(W)^\wedge\)-spin module \(\wedge (W^{{\mathbb{Z}}+h,-})\) \((h=0,1/2)\) with respect to the subalgebra (\(\mathfrak g_ LL+\mathfrak g_ R)^\wedge \hookrightarrow \mathfrak o(W)^\wedge\). The author solves this problem completely as well as its finite dimensional version. If we use the notion of the ``dual pairs'' due to R. Howe, the result can be summarized as follows. In each case, the pair \[ ({\mathbb{C}}[\Sigma {\hat{\;}}_ L]\ltimes U({\mathfrak g}{\hat{\;}}_ L),\quad {\mathbb{C}}[\Sigma {\hat{\;}}_ R]\ltimes U({\mathfrak g}{\hat{\;}}_ R)) \] forms a dual pair on \(\wedge (W^{{\mathbb{Z}}+h,-})\), where \(\Sigma^\wedge_*\) is the group consisting of Dynkin diagram automorphisms corresponding to \({\mathfrak g}^\wedge_*\). As applications the author describes the ``branching rule duality'' and the ``S-transformation rule duality''.