Exponential expansion with Šil'nikov's saddle-focus (Q915932)

Consider a system of ordinary differential equations in a neighborhood of the origin \({\mathbb{R}}^ d={\mathbb{R}}^ m\times {\mathbb{R}}^ n:\) (*) \(\dot x=Ax+f(x,y)\), \(\dot y=By+g(x,y)\), \(x\in {\mathbb{R}}^ m\), \(y\in {\mathbb{R}}^ n\), where \(B=diag(B_ 0,B_ 1)\) and \(B_ 0\) is either the real number or the matrix \(B_ 0=\left[ \begin{matrix} \mu \\ \omega \end{matrix} \begin{matrix} - \omega \\ \mu \end{matrix} \right]\) of complex eigenvalues \(\mu \pm i\omega\). Moreover f and g are \(C^{r+1}\) with \(r\geq 3\). If the conditions \(x(0)=x_ 0\) and \(y(\tau)=y_ 1\) are satisfied for given \(\tau\), \(x_ 0\) and \(y_ 1\), then the solution of the system (*) is a solution to the Šil'nikov problem. Under some assumptions, there exists an y-admissible variable (x,y) for the system (*) such that the component y(t) of the solution to the Šil'nikov problem admits an exponential expansion of regularity r-2, i.e. there exists \(C^{r-2}\) functions \(\phi =\phi (t,x_ 0,y_ 1)\) and \(R=R(t,\tau,x_ 0,y_ 1)\) such that y(t) can be expressed as \[ y(t)=\exp (B_*(t-\tau))\phi (t,x_ 0,y_ 1)+R(t,\tau,x_ 0,y_ 1). \] Here \(B_*=diag(B_ 0,\mu I)\), with I being the (n-k)\(\times (nk-)\) identity matrix and \(k=rank B_ 0\).