Exact inequalities of Jackson type for periodic functions in space \(L_ 2\) (Q920316)

Let \(L^ r_ 2\) denote the set of all \(2\pi\)-periodic functions for which \(f^{(r)}\in L_ 2\) \((f^{(r)}\) is the derivative in the sense of Weyl if r is not integer). Put \(E_{n-1}(f)=\inf (\| f- T\|_{L_ 2},\quad T\in {\mathcal T}_{n-1}),\) where \({\mathcal T}_{n-1}\) is the set of all trigonometric polynomials of degree not exceeding n-1. The inequalities of Jackson type, i.e. \(E_{n-1}(f)\leq (\kappa /n^ r)\omega (f^{(r)},\delta /n)\) are considered (\(\omega\) is the usual modulus of continuity, \(\delta >0)\). Several estimates for the best constant \(\kappa =\kappa_{n,r}(\delta)\) considered as a function of r, are proved. Some relations between the quantities \(\kappa_{n,r}(\delta)\) and the Diophantine approximations are pointed out, as well.