Complex multiplication, rationality and mirror symmetry for abelian varieties (Q927352)

This article discusses the interplay between complex multiplication (CM), mirror symmetry and rational conformal field theories (CFT) for abelian varieties inspired by the paper of \textit{S. Gukov} and \textit{C. Vafa} [Commun. Math. Phys. 246, No. 1, 181--210 (2004; Zbl 1083.81582)]. An abelian variety \(X\) is said to be of CM type if and only if the Hodge group \(Hg(X)\) is commutative, if and only if \(Hg(X)({\mathbb{R}})\) is compact. A main result of the paper gives another characterization of an abelian variety of CM type. Theorem. An abelian variety \(X\) is of CM type if and only if \(X\) admits a constant rational Kähler metric. Here a rational Kähler metric is a Kähler metric which takes only rational values on the lattice \(\Gamma\) of \(X\). This theorem plays an important role in the relation between CM and the rationality of \(N=2\) lattice vertex algebras. Theorem. The \(N=2\) lattice vertex algebra \(V(T,G,B)\) associated to a complex torus \(T\) endowed with a constant Kähler metric \(G\) and a \(B\)-field in \(H^2(X,{\mathbb R})\) is rational if and only if \(G\) and \(B\) are both rational. This yields yet another characterization of an abelian variety of CM type. Theorem. An abelian variety \(X\) is of CM type if and only if \(X\) admits a rational \(N=2\) lattice vertex algebra \(V(X,G,B)\). Next the link between CM and mirror symmetry is given for tori. Here mirror symmetry is defined in terms of generalized Kähler structures (GKS). Two \(2\times 2\) matrices \({\mathcal I}\) and \({\mathcal J}\) are defined in terms of \(B\)-field and the Kähler form. A pair \((T, {\mathcal I}, {\mathcal J})\) and \((T', {\mathcal I}', {\mathcal J}')\) is called a mirror pair if there is a mirror map which exchanges \({\mathcal I}\) with \({\mathcal J}'\) and \({\mathcal J}\) with \({\mathcal I}'\). Theorem. Let \((X, G, B)\) and \((X', G', B')\) be mirror abelian varieties. Suppose that \(X\) is of CM type. If both \(G\) and \(B\) are rational, then \(X\) and \(X'\) are isogenous. In particular, \(X'\) is also of CM type. This is a sufficient condition for CM to be transmitted to mirror partners. The converse is, however, not valid. Proposition. Let \((X, G, B)\) and \(X', G', B')\) be mirror abelian varieties. If \(N=2\) lattice vertex algebra \(V(X, G. B)\) is rational, then \(X\) and \(X'\) are isogenous and both of CM type. Conversely, however, there exists mirror abelian varieties \((X,G,B)\) and \((X',G',B')\) such that \(X\) and \(X'\) are isogenous and both of CM type, but neither \(V(X,G,B)\) and \(V(X',G',B')\) is rational.