Carleson measures for the Drury-Arveson Hardy space and other Besov-Sobolev spaces on complex balls (Q927681)

Let \(\mathbb B_n\) denote the unit ball in \(\mathbb C^n\). For \(0\leq \sigma <\infty\), \(1<p<\infty\), and \(m\geq 0\) an integer with \(m+\sigma >n/p\), the analytic Besov spaces \(B_p^{\sigma}(\mathbb B_n)\) are the sets of holomorphic functions \(f\) on \(\mathbb B_n\) satisfying \[ \sum_{k=0}^{m-1} |f^{(k)}(0)|^p + \int_{\mathbb B_n} \left|(1-|z|^2)^{n+\sigma} f^{(m)}(z)\right|^p\,d\lambda_n(z) <\infty, \tag{1} \] where \(d\lambda_n(z) = (1-|z|^2)^{-n-1}dz\) is the invariant volume measure on \(\mathbb B_n\). In the above, \(f^{(k)}\) is the \(k\)-th order complex derivative of \(f\). The definition of \(B_p^{\sigma}\) is independent of the choice of \(m\). With \(p=2\) and \(\sigma = \frac12\) one obtains the Drury-Arveson Hardy space \(H^2_n\), whereas \(B_2^{n/2}\) gives the ordinary Hardy space \(H^2\). A measure \(\mu\) on \(\mathbb B_n\) is a Carleson measure for \(B_p^{\sigma}\) if \(\int_{\mathbb B_n} |f(z)|^p\,d\mu \leq C_{\mu}\|f\|_{B_p^{\sigma}}^p\). In [Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 859 (2006; Zbl 1112.46027)], the authors described the Carleson measures for \(B_p^0(\mathbb B_n)\) with \(1<p< 2+ \frac1{n-1}\). In the present paper, the authors focus their attention on \(B_2^{\sigma}(\mathbb B_n)\) with \(0\leq \sigma\leq \frac12\). With appropriate modifications, they show that the results for \(\sigma=0\) extend to the range \(0\leq \sigma <\frac12\). Their characterization is given in terms of an inequality for \(\mu\) on the Bergman tree \(\mathcal T_n\) associated to the ball \(\mathbb B_n\). Specifically it is proved in the paper that the discrete tree condition \[ \sum_{\beta\geq\alpha}\left[2^{\sigma d(\beta)}I^{\ast}\mu(\beta)\right]^2 \leq C I^{\ast}\mu(\alpha) <\infty,\quad \alpha\in\mathcal T_n, \tag{2} \] characterizes the Carleson measures for \(B_2^{\sigma}(\mathbb B_n) \) with \(0\leq \sigma <\frac12\). On the other hand, by results of \textit{C. Cascante} and \textit{J. Ortega} [Can. J. Math. 47, No. 6, 1177--1200 (1995; Zbl 0845.46027)], there exist positive measures \(\mu\) that are Carleson for \(B_2^{\sigma}\), \(\sigma\geq\frac12\), but fail to satisfy (2). For \(\sigma=\frac12\), the authors prove that the Carleson norm of \(\mu\), \(\|\mu\|_{\text{Carleson}}\), is comparable with the best constant \(C\) in the inequality \[ \int_{\mathbb B_n}\int_{\mathbb B_n}\left(\operatorname{Re} \frac1{1-\overline w\cdot z}\right)f(z)\,d\mu(z)g(w)\,d\mu(w) \leq C \|f\|_{L^2(\mu)}\|g\|_{L^2(\mu)}. \tag{3} \] It is shown that when \(n>1\) the finiteness of \(\|\mu\|_{\text{Carleson}}\) is equivalent neither to the tree condition (2), nor to the simple condition \[ 2^{d(\alpha)}I^{\ast}(\alpha) \leq C, \quad \alpha\in \mathcal T_n. \tag{4} \] The latter condition has been shown to be necessary when \(\sigma <\frac12\). The case \(\sigma = \frac12\) requires the introduction of additional structure on the Bergman tree. This additional structure is then used to prove that the Carleson measures for \(B_2^{\frac12}\) are characterized by the condition (4) together with the ``split'' tree condition \[ \sum_{k\geq 0}\sum_{\gamma\geq\alpha} 2^{d(\gamma)-k} \sum_{(\delta,\delta')\in\mathcal G^{(k)}(\gamma)} I^{\ast}\mu(\delta)I^{\ast}\mu(\delta') \leq CI^{\ast}\mu(\alpha),\quad \alpha\in\mathcal T_m. \]