Global bifurcation for quasivariational inequalities of reaction-diffusion type (Q932367)

The authors prove the existence and describe the location of global bifurcation of stationary solutions of the reaction-diffusion system \[ \begin{aligned} &u_t=d_1\triangle u+b_{11}u+b_{12}v+n_1(d_1,d_2,u,v),\\ &v_t=d_2\triangle v+b_{21}u+b_{22}v+n_2(d_1,d_2,u,v) \end{aligned} \] in \((0,\infty)\times \Omega\), \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N\), \(N\geq 2\) with the unilateral implicit boundary conditions \[ u=0,\;v=0\quad\text{on } \Gamma_D, \qquad \frac {\partial u}{\partial n}=0\quad \text{on } \partial\Gamma\setminus \Gamma_D,\qquad \frac {\partial v}{\partial n}=0\quad \text{on } \Gamma_N, \] \[ v\geq -\int_{\Gamma_D}\Phi(x,y)\frac {\partial v}{\partial n}(y)\,d\Gamma(y),\quad \frac {\partial v}{\partial n}\geq 0,\quad \left(v+ \int_{\Gamma_D}\Phi(x,y)\frac {\partial v}{\partial n}(y)\,d\Gamma(y)\right)\frac {\partial v}{\partial n}= 0 \;\text{ on } \Gamma_U. \] The bifurcation point is obtained in the domain of parameters where the trivial solution of the problem with classical boundary conditions \[ u=v=0 \quad \text{on } \Gamma_D,\qquad \frac {\partial u}{\partial n}=\frac {\partial v}{\partial n}=0\quad \text{on } \Gamma_N\cup \Gamma_U \] is stable and where the bifurcation for the original problem with unilateral conditions is excluded. Instead they consider the corresponding stationary problem with \(d\) changing along a curve \(\sigma\subset \mathbb{R}_+^2.\) The problem is formulated as a quasivariational inequality and the proof is based on the Leray-Schauder degree.